diff --git a/MODULE.bazel b/MODULE.bazel
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c250bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/MODULE.bazel
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+module(
+    name = "pybind11_abseil",
+    version = "head",
+)
+
+bazel_dep(
+    name = "bazel_skylib",
+    version = "1.5.0",
+)
+
+bazel_dep(
+    name = "abseil-cpp",
+    version = "20240116.0",
+    repo_name = "com_google_absl",
+)
+
+bazel_dep(
+    name = "rules_cc",
+    version = "0.0.9",
+)
+
+bazel_dep(
+    name = "rules_python",
+    version = "0.31.0",
+)
+
+bazel_dep(
+    name = "platforms",
+    version = "0.0.8"
+)
+
+http_archive = use_repo_rule("@bazel_tools//tools/build_defs/repo:http.bzl", "http_archive")
+
+http_archive(
+  name = "pybind11_bazel",
+  strip_prefix = "pybind11_bazel-master",
+  urls = ["https://github.com/pybind/pybind11_bazel/archive/refs/heads/master.tar.gz"],
+)
+
+http_archive(
+  name = "pybind11",
+  build_file = "@pybind11_bazel//:pybind11.BUILD",
+  strip_prefix = "pybind11-master",
+  urls = ["https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/archive/refs/heads/master.tar.gz"],
+)
+
+#### DEV ONLY DEPENDENCIES BELOW HERE ####
+
+SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS = [
+  "3.12",
+  "3.11",
+  "3.10",
+  "3.9",
+  "3.8"
+]
+
+DEFAULT_PYTHON = "3.11"
+
+python = use_extension("@rules_python//python/extensions:python.bzl", "python", dev_dependency=True)
+[
+  python.toolchain(
+    python_version = version,
+    is_default = version == DEFAULT_PYTHON,
+  )
+  for version in SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS
+]
+
+use_repo(
+    python,
+    python = "python_versions",
+)
+
+pip = use_extension("@rules_python//python/extensions:pip.bzl", "pip", dev_dependency=True)
+[
+  pip.parse(
+    hub_name = "pypi",
+    python_version = version,
+    requirements_lock = "//pybind11_abseil/requirements:requirements_lock_" + version.replace('.','_') + ".txt",
+  )
+  for version in SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS
+
+]
+
+use_repo(pip, "pypi")
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 3a6ce08..7adb348 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -23,6 +23,21 @@ pybind11_abseil can be built with Bazel or CMake. Instructions for both are belo
 
 ### Bazel
 
+#### Bzlmod
+
+You can depend on the Bazel module and dependencies via a single command in your MODULE.bazel:
+
+```
+bazel_dep(
+    name = "pybind11_abseil",
+    version = "selected_version",
+)
+```
+
+#### WORKSPACE
+
+Bazel workspace support is deprecated and will be removed at a later date.
+
 You will need to depend on `pybind11`, `pybind11_bazel`(see
 [doc](https://github.com/pybind/pybind11_bazel#installation), and on
 `pybind11_abseil`, e.g.
diff --git a/WORKSPACE b/WORKSPACE
index aa7d951..073250c 100644
--- a/WORKSPACE
+++ b/WORKSPACE
@@ -8,6 +8,13 @@ load("@bazel_tools//tools/build_defs/repo:http.bzl", "http_archive")
 #    On Mac, run curl -L https://github.com/<...>.tar.gz | shasum -a 256
 #    and update the sha256 with the result.
 
+################################################################################
+#
+# WORKSPACE is being deprecated in favor of the new Bazelmod dependency system
+# It will be removed at some point in the future.
+#
+################################################################################
+
 ## `bazel_skylib` (PINNED)
 http_archive(
     name = "bazel_skylib",  # 2023-05-31T19:24:07Z
@@ -27,6 +34,61 @@ http_archive(
     ],
 )
 
+http_archive(
+    name = "rules_python",
+    sha256 = "c68bdc4fbec25de5b5493b8819cfc877c4ea299c0dcb15c244c5a00208cde311",
+    strip_prefix = "rules_python-0.31.0",
+    url = "https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_python/releases/download/0.31.0/rules_python-0.31.0.tar.gz",
+)
+
+load("@rules_python//python:repositories.bzl", "py_repositories", "python_register_multi_toolchains")
+
+py_repositories()
+
+load("@rules_python//python/pip_install:repositories.bzl", "pip_install_dependencies")
+
+pip_install_dependencies()
+
+DEFAULT_PYTHON = "3.11"
+
+python_register_multi_toolchains(
+    name = "python",
+    default_version = DEFAULT_PYTHON,
+    python_versions = [
+      "3.12",
+      "3.11",
+      "3.10",
+      "3.9",
+      "3.8"
+    ],
+)
+
+load("@python//:pip.bzl", "multi_pip_parse")
+
+multi_pip_parse(
+    name = "pypi",
+    default_version = DEFAULT_PYTHON,
+    python_interpreter_target = {
+        "3.12": "@python_3_12_host//:python",
+        "3.11": "@python_3_11_host//:python",
+        "3.10": "@python_3_10_host//:python",
+        "3.9": "@python_3_9_host//:python",
+        "3.8": "@python_3_8_host//:python",
+    },
+    requirements_lock = {
+        "3.12": "//pybind11_abseil/requirements:requirements_lock_3_12.txt",
+        "3.11": "//pybind11_abseil/requirements:requirements_lock_3_11.txt",
+        "3.10": "//pybind11_abseil/requirements:requirements_lock_3_10.txt",
+        "3.9": "//pybind11_abseil/requirements:requirements_lock_3_9.txt",
+        "3.8": "//pybind11_abseil/requirements:requirements_lock_3_8.txt",
+    },
+)
+
+load("@pypi//:requirements.bzl", "install_deps")
+
+install_deps()
+
+
 ## `pybind11_bazel` (FLOATING)
 # https://github.com/pybind/pybind11_bazel
 http_archive(
@@ -52,6 +114,3 @@ http_archive(
   # sha256 = "832e2f309c57da9c1e6d4542dedd34b24e4192ecb4d62f6f4866a737454c9970",
   # urls = ["https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/archive/refs/tags/v2.10.4.tar.gz"],
 )
-
-load("@pybind11_bazel//:python_configure.bzl", "python_configure")
-python_configure(name = "local_config_python")
diff --git a/WORKSPACE.bzlmod b/WORKSPACE.bzlmod
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8caebc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/WORKSPACE.bzlmod
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Present for cross-compatibility between MODULE.bazel and WORKSPACE
diff --git a/pybind11_abseil/BUILD b/pybind11_abseil/BUILD
index 4cff8b7..791c245 100644
--- a/pybind11_abseil/BUILD
+++ b/pybind11_abseil/BUILD
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ cc_library(
     visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
     deps = [
         "@com_google_absl//absl/status",
-        "@local_config_python//:python_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
+        "@rules_python//python/cc:current_py_cc_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
     ],
 )
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ cc_library(
     visibility = ["//visibility:private"],
     deps = [
         ":ok_status_singleton_lib",
-        "@local_config_python//:python_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
+        "@rules_python//python/cc:current_py_cc_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
     ],
 )
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ cc_binary(
     linkshared = 1,
     deps = [
         ":ok_status_singleton_pyinit_google3",
-        "@local_config_python//:python_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
+        "@rules_python//python/cc:current_py_cc_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
     ],
 )
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ cc_binary(
     linkshared = 1,
     deps = [
         ":status_pyinit_google3",
-        "@local_config_python//:python_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
+        "@rules_python//python/cc:current_py_cc_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
     ],
 )
 
diff --git a/pybind11_abseil/compat/BUILD b/pybind11_abseil/compat/BUILD
index de52b56..9cbe963 100644
--- a/pybind11_abseil/compat/BUILD
+++ b/pybind11_abseil/compat/BUILD
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ cc_library(
         "@com_google_absl//absl/log:absl_check",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/log:absl_log",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/strings",
-        "@local_config_python//:python_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
+        "@rules_python//python/cc:current_py_cc_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
     ],
 )
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ cc_library(
         ":py_base_utilities",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/container:flat_hash_map",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/status",
-        "@local_config_python//:python_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
+        "@rules_python//python/cc:current_py_cc_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
     ],
 )
 
@@ -42,6 +42,6 @@ cc_library(
         "@com_google_absl//absl/log:absl_check",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/log:absl_log",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/status",
-        "@local_config_python//:python_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
+        "@rules_python//python/cc:current_py_cc_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
     ],
 )
diff --git a/pybind11_abseil/cpp_capsule_tools/BUILD b/pybind11_abseil/cpp_capsule_tools/BUILD
index b594711..4138343 100644
--- a/pybind11_abseil/cpp_capsule_tools/BUILD
+++ b/pybind11_abseil/cpp_capsule_tools/BUILD
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ cc_library(
         "@com_google_absl//absl/status",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/status:statusor",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/strings",
-        "@local_config_python//:python_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
+        "@rules_python//python/cc:current_py_cc_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
     ],
 )
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ cc_library(
     deps = [
         ":void_ptr_from_capsule",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/status:statusor",
-        "@local_config_python//:python_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
+        "@rules_python//python/cc:current_py_cc_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
     ],
 )
 
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ cc_library(
     hdrs = ["make_shared_ptr_capsule.h"],
     visibility = ["//visibility:public"],
     deps = [
-        "@local_config_python//:python_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
+        "@rules_python//python/cc:current_py_cc_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
     ],
 )
 
@@ -44,6 +44,6 @@ cc_library(
     deps = [
         ":void_ptr_from_capsule",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/status:statusor",
-        "@local_config_python//:python_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
+        "@rules_python//python/cc:current_py_cc_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
     ],
 )
diff --git a/pybind11_abseil/requirements/BUILD b/pybind11_abseil/requirements/BUILD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23c97f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pybind11_abseil/requirements/BUILD
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package(
+    default_visibility = ["//visibility:private"],
+)
+
+load("@python//3.12:defs.bzl", compile_pip_requirements_3_12 = "compile_pip_requirements")
+load("@python//3.11:defs.bzl", compile_pip_requirements_3_11 = "compile_pip_requirements")
+load("@python//3.10:defs.bzl", compile_pip_requirements_3_10 = "compile_pip_requirements")
+load("@python//3.9:defs.bzl", compile_pip_requirements_3_9 = "compile_pip_requirements")
+load("@python//3.8:defs.bzl", compile_pip_requirements_3_8 = "compile_pip_requirements")
+
+compile_pip_requirements_3_12(
+    name = "requirements_3_12",
+    src = "requirements.in",
+    requirements_txt = "requirements_lock_3_12.txt",
+)
+
+compile_pip_requirements_3_11(
+    name = "requirements_3_11",
+    src = "requirements.in",
+    requirements_txt = "requirements_lock_3_11.txt",
+)
+
+compile_pip_requirements_3_10(
+    name = "requirements_3_10",
+    src = "requirements.in",
+    requirements_txt = "requirements_lock_3_10.txt",
+)
+
+compile_pip_requirements_3_9(
+    name = "requirements_3_9",
+    src = "requirements.in",
+    requirements_txt = "requirements_lock_3_9.txt",
+)
+
+compile_pip_requirements_3_8(
+    name = "requirements_3_8",
+    src = "requirements.in",
+    requirements_txt = "requirements_lock_3_8.txt",
+)
diff --git a/requirements.txt b/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements.in
similarity index 100%
rename from requirements.txt
rename to pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements.in
diff --git a/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_10.txt b/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_10.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f166698
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_10.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.10
+# by the following command:
+#
+#    bazel run //pybind11_abseil/requirements:requirements_3_10.update
+#
+absl-py==2.1.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:526a04eadab8b4ee719ce68f204172ead1027549089702d99b9059f129ff1308 \
+    --hash=sha256:7820790efbb316739cde8b4e19357243fc3608a152024288513dd968d7d959ff
+    # via -r pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements.in
+numpy==1.26.4 \
+    --hash=sha256:03a8c78d01d9781b28a6989f6fa1bb2c4f2d51201cf99d3dd875df6fbd96b23b \
+    --hash=sha256:08beddf13648eb95f8d867350f6a018a4be2e5ad54c8d8caed89ebca558b2818 \
+    --hash=sha256:1af303d6b2210eb850fcf03064d364652b7120803a0b872f5211f5234b399f20 \
+    --hash=sha256:1dda2e7b4ec9dd512f84935c5f126c8bd8b9f2fc001e9f54af255e8c5f16b0e0 \
+    --hash=sha256:2a02aba9ed12e4ac4eb3ea9421c420301a0c6460d9830d74a9df87efa4912010 \
+    --hash=sha256:2e4ee3380d6de9c9ec04745830fd9e2eccb3e6cf790d39d7b98ffd19b0dd754a \
+    --hash=sha256:3373d5d70a5fe74a2c1bb6d2cfd9609ecf686d47a2d7b1d37a8f3b6bf6003aea \
+    --hash=sha256:47711010ad8555514b434df65f7d7b076bb8261df1ca9bb78f53d3b2db02e95c \
+    --hash=sha256:4c66707fabe114439db9068ee468c26bbdf909cac0fb58686a42a24de1760c71 \
+    --hash=sha256:50193e430acfc1346175fcbdaa28ffec49947a06918b7b92130744e81e640110 \
+    --hash=sha256:52b8b60467cd7dd1e9ed082188b4e6bb35aa5cdd01777621a1658910745b90be \
+    --hash=sha256:60dedbb91afcbfdc9bc0b1f3f402804070deed7392c23eb7a7f07fa857868e8a \
+    --hash=sha256:62b8e4b1e28009ef2846b4c7852046736bab361f7aeadeb6a5b89ebec3c7055a \
+    --hash=sha256:666dbfb6ec68962c033a450943ded891bed2d54e6755e35e5835d63f4f6931d5 \
+    --hash=sha256:675d61ffbfa78604709862923189bad94014bef562cc35cf61d3a07bba02a7ed \
+    --hash=sha256:679b0076f67ecc0138fd2ede3a8fd196dddc2ad3254069bcb9faf9a79b1cebcd \
+    --hash=sha256:7349ab0fa0c429c82442a27a9673fc802ffdb7c7775fad780226cb234965e53c \
+    --hash=sha256:7ab55401287bfec946ced39700c053796e7cc0e3acbef09993a9ad2adba6ca6e \
+    --hash=sha256:7e50d0a0cc3189f9cb0aeb3a6a6af18c16f59f004b866cd2be1c14b36134a4a0 \
+    --hash=sha256:95a7476c59002f2f6c590b9b7b998306fba6a5aa646b1e22ddfeaf8f78c3a29c \
+    --hash=sha256:96ff0b2ad353d8f990b63294c8986f1ec3cb19d749234014f4e7eb0112ceba5a \
+    --hash=sha256:9fad7dcb1aac3c7f0584a5a8133e3a43eeb2fe127f47e3632d43d677c66c102b \
+    --hash=sha256:9ff0f4f29c51e2803569d7a51c2304de5554655a60c5d776e35b4a41413830d0 \
+    --hash=sha256:a354325ee03388678242a4d7ebcd08b5c727033fcff3b2f536aea978e15ee9e6 \
+    --hash=sha256:a4abb4f9001ad2858e7ac189089c42178fcce737e4169dc61321660f1a96c7d2 \
+    --hash=sha256:ab47dbe5cc8210f55aa58e4805fe224dac469cde56b9f731a4c098b91917159a \
+    --hash=sha256:afedb719a9dcfc7eaf2287b839d8198e06dcd4cb5d276a3df279231138e83d30 \
+    --hash=sha256:b3ce300f3644fb06443ee2222c2201dd3a89ea6040541412b8fa189341847218 \
+    --hash=sha256:b97fe8060236edf3662adfc2c633f56a08ae30560c56310562cb4f95500022d5 \
+    --hash=sha256:bfe25acf8b437eb2a8b2d49d443800a5f18508cd811fea3181723922a8a82b07 \
+    --hash=sha256:cd25bcecc4974d09257ffcd1f098ee778f7834c3ad767fe5db785be9a4aa9cb2 \
+    --hash=sha256:d209d8969599b27ad20994c8e41936ee0964e6da07478d6c35016bc386b66ad4 \
+    --hash=sha256:d5241e0a80d808d70546c697135da2c613f30e28251ff8307eb72ba696945764 \
+    --hash=sha256:edd8b5fe47dab091176d21bb6de568acdd906d1887a4584a15a9a96a1dca06ef \
+    --hash=sha256:f870204a840a60da0b12273ef34f7051e98c3b5961b61b0c2c1be6dfd64fbcd3 \
+    --hash=sha256:ffa75af20b44f8dba823498024771d5ac50620e6915abac414251bd971b4529f
+    # via -r pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements.in
diff --git a/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_11.txt b/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_11.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9127dc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_11.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.11
+# by the following command:
+#
+#    bazel run //pybind11_abseil/requirements:requirements_3_11.update
+#
+absl-py==2.1.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:526a04eadab8b4ee719ce68f204172ead1027549089702d99b9059f129ff1308 \
+    --hash=sha256:7820790efbb316739cde8b4e19357243fc3608a152024288513dd968d7d959ff
+    # via -r pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements.in
+numpy==1.26.4 \
+    --hash=sha256:03a8c78d01d9781b28a6989f6fa1bb2c4f2d51201cf99d3dd875df6fbd96b23b \
+    --hash=sha256:08beddf13648eb95f8d867350f6a018a4be2e5ad54c8d8caed89ebca558b2818 \
+    --hash=sha256:1af303d6b2210eb850fcf03064d364652b7120803a0b872f5211f5234b399f20 \
+    --hash=sha256:1dda2e7b4ec9dd512f84935c5f126c8bd8b9f2fc001e9f54af255e8c5f16b0e0 \
+    --hash=sha256:2a02aba9ed12e4ac4eb3ea9421c420301a0c6460d9830d74a9df87efa4912010 \
+    --hash=sha256:2e4ee3380d6de9c9ec04745830fd9e2eccb3e6cf790d39d7b98ffd19b0dd754a \
+    --hash=sha256:3373d5d70a5fe74a2c1bb6d2cfd9609ecf686d47a2d7b1d37a8f3b6bf6003aea \
+    --hash=sha256:47711010ad8555514b434df65f7d7b076bb8261df1ca9bb78f53d3b2db02e95c \
+    --hash=sha256:4c66707fabe114439db9068ee468c26bbdf909cac0fb58686a42a24de1760c71 \
+    --hash=sha256:50193e430acfc1346175fcbdaa28ffec49947a06918b7b92130744e81e640110 \
+    --hash=sha256:52b8b60467cd7dd1e9ed082188b4e6bb35aa5cdd01777621a1658910745b90be \
+    --hash=sha256:60dedbb91afcbfdc9bc0b1f3f402804070deed7392c23eb7a7f07fa857868e8a \
+    --hash=sha256:62b8e4b1e28009ef2846b4c7852046736bab361f7aeadeb6a5b89ebec3c7055a \
+    --hash=sha256:666dbfb6ec68962c033a450943ded891bed2d54e6755e35e5835d63f4f6931d5 \
+    --hash=sha256:675d61ffbfa78604709862923189bad94014bef562cc35cf61d3a07bba02a7ed \
+    --hash=sha256:679b0076f67ecc0138fd2ede3a8fd196dddc2ad3254069bcb9faf9a79b1cebcd \
+    --hash=sha256:7349ab0fa0c429c82442a27a9673fc802ffdb7c7775fad780226cb234965e53c \
+    --hash=sha256:7ab55401287bfec946ced39700c053796e7cc0e3acbef09993a9ad2adba6ca6e \
+    --hash=sha256:7e50d0a0cc3189f9cb0aeb3a6a6af18c16f59f004b866cd2be1c14b36134a4a0 \
+    --hash=sha256:95a7476c59002f2f6c590b9b7b998306fba6a5aa646b1e22ddfeaf8f78c3a29c \
+    --hash=sha256:96ff0b2ad353d8f990b63294c8986f1ec3cb19d749234014f4e7eb0112ceba5a \
+    --hash=sha256:9fad7dcb1aac3c7f0584a5a8133e3a43eeb2fe127f47e3632d43d677c66c102b \
+    --hash=sha256:9ff0f4f29c51e2803569d7a51c2304de5554655a60c5d776e35b4a41413830d0 \
+    --hash=sha256:a354325ee03388678242a4d7ebcd08b5c727033fcff3b2f536aea978e15ee9e6 \
+    --hash=sha256:a4abb4f9001ad2858e7ac189089c42178fcce737e4169dc61321660f1a96c7d2 \
+    --hash=sha256:ab47dbe5cc8210f55aa58e4805fe224dac469cde56b9f731a4c098b91917159a \
+    --hash=sha256:afedb719a9dcfc7eaf2287b839d8198e06dcd4cb5d276a3df279231138e83d30 \
+    --hash=sha256:b3ce300f3644fb06443ee2222c2201dd3a89ea6040541412b8fa189341847218 \
+    --hash=sha256:b97fe8060236edf3662adfc2c633f56a08ae30560c56310562cb4f95500022d5 \
+    --hash=sha256:bfe25acf8b437eb2a8b2d49d443800a5f18508cd811fea3181723922a8a82b07 \
+    --hash=sha256:cd25bcecc4974d09257ffcd1f098ee778f7834c3ad767fe5db785be9a4aa9cb2 \
+    --hash=sha256:d209d8969599b27ad20994c8e41936ee0964e6da07478d6c35016bc386b66ad4 \
+    --hash=sha256:d5241e0a80d808d70546c697135da2c613f30e28251ff8307eb72ba696945764 \
+    --hash=sha256:edd8b5fe47dab091176d21bb6de568acdd906d1887a4584a15a9a96a1dca06ef \
+    --hash=sha256:f870204a840a60da0b12273ef34f7051e98c3b5961b61b0c2c1be6dfd64fbcd3 \
+    --hash=sha256:ffa75af20b44f8dba823498024771d5ac50620e6915abac414251bd971b4529f
+    # via -r pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements.in
diff --git a/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_12.txt b/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_12.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ed545e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_12.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.12
+# by the following command:
+#
+#    bazel run //pybind11_abseil/requirements:requirements_3_12.update
+#
+absl-py==2.1.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:526a04eadab8b4ee719ce68f204172ead1027549089702d99b9059f129ff1308 \
+    --hash=sha256:7820790efbb316739cde8b4e19357243fc3608a152024288513dd968d7d959ff
+    # via -r pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements.in
+numpy==1.26.4 \
+    --hash=sha256:03a8c78d01d9781b28a6989f6fa1bb2c4f2d51201cf99d3dd875df6fbd96b23b \
+    --hash=sha256:08beddf13648eb95f8d867350f6a018a4be2e5ad54c8d8caed89ebca558b2818 \
+    --hash=sha256:1af303d6b2210eb850fcf03064d364652b7120803a0b872f5211f5234b399f20 \
+    --hash=sha256:1dda2e7b4ec9dd512f84935c5f126c8bd8b9f2fc001e9f54af255e8c5f16b0e0 \
+    --hash=sha256:2a02aba9ed12e4ac4eb3ea9421c420301a0c6460d9830d74a9df87efa4912010 \
+    --hash=sha256:2e4ee3380d6de9c9ec04745830fd9e2eccb3e6cf790d39d7b98ffd19b0dd754a \
+    --hash=sha256:3373d5d70a5fe74a2c1bb6d2cfd9609ecf686d47a2d7b1d37a8f3b6bf6003aea \
+    --hash=sha256:47711010ad8555514b434df65f7d7b076bb8261df1ca9bb78f53d3b2db02e95c \
+    --hash=sha256:4c66707fabe114439db9068ee468c26bbdf909cac0fb58686a42a24de1760c71 \
+    --hash=sha256:50193e430acfc1346175fcbdaa28ffec49947a06918b7b92130744e81e640110 \
+    --hash=sha256:52b8b60467cd7dd1e9ed082188b4e6bb35aa5cdd01777621a1658910745b90be \
+    --hash=sha256:60dedbb91afcbfdc9bc0b1f3f402804070deed7392c23eb7a7f07fa857868e8a \
+    --hash=sha256:62b8e4b1e28009ef2846b4c7852046736bab361f7aeadeb6a5b89ebec3c7055a \
+    --hash=sha256:666dbfb6ec68962c033a450943ded891bed2d54e6755e35e5835d63f4f6931d5 \
+    --hash=sha256:675d61ffbfa78604709862923189bad94014bef562cc35cf61d3a07bba02a7ed \
+    --hash=sha256:679b0076f67ecc0138fd2ede3a8fd196dddc2ad3254069bcb9faf9a79b1cebcd \
+    --hash=sha256:7349ab0fa0c429c82442a27a9673fc802ffdb7c7775fad780226cb234965e53c \
+    --hash=sha256:7ab55401287bfec946ced39700c053796e7cc0e3acbef09993a9ad2adba6ca6e \
+    --hash=sha256:7e50d0a0cc3189f9cb0aeb3a6a6af18c16f59f004b866cd2be1c14b36134a4a0 \
+    --hash=sha256:95a7476c59002f2f6c590b9b7b998306fba6a5aa646b1e22ddfeaf8f78c3a29c \
+    --hash=sha256:96ff0b2ad353d8f990b63294c8986f1ec3cb19d749234014f4e7eb0112ceba5a \
+    --hash=sha256:9fad7dcb1aac3c7f0584a5a8133e3a43eeb2fe127f47e3632d43d677c66c102b \
+    --hash=sha256:9ff0f4f29c51e2803569d7a51c2304de5554655a60c5d776e35b4a41413830d0 \
+    --hash=sha256:a354325ee03388678242a4d7ebcd08b5c727033fcff3b2f536aea978e15ee9e6 \
+    --hash=sha256:a4abb4f9001ad2858e7ac189089c42178fcce737e4169dc61321660f1a96c7d2 \
+    --hash=sha256:ab47dbe5cc8210f55aa58e4805fe224dac469cde56b9f731a4c098b91917159a \
+    --hash=sha256:afedb719a9dcfc7eaf2287b839d8198e06dcd4cb5d276a3df279231138e83d30 \
+    --hash=sha256:b3ce300f3644fb06443ee2222c2201dd3a89ea6040541412b8fa189341847218 \
+    --hash=sha256:b97fe8060236edf3662adfc2c633f56a08ae30560c56310562cb4f95500022d5 \
+    --hash=sha256:bfe25acf8b437eb2a8b2d49d443800a5f18508cd811fea3181723922a8a82b07 \
+    --hash=sha256:cd25bcecc4974d09257ffcd1f098ee778f7834c3ad767fe5db785be9a4aa9cb2 \
+    --hash=sha256:d209d8969599b27ad20994c8e41936ee0964e6da07478d6c35016bc386b66ad4 \
+    --hash=sha256:d5241e0a80d808d70546c697135da2c613f30e28251ff8307eb72ba696945764 \
+    --hash=sha256:edd8b5fe47dab091176d21bb6de568acdd906d1887a4584a15a9a96a1dca06ef \
+    --hash=sha256:f870204a840a60da0b12273ef34f7051e98c3b5961b61b0c2c1be6dfd64fbcd3 \
+    --hash=sha256:ffa75af20b44f8dba823498024771d5ac50620e6915abac414251bd971b4529f
+    # via -r pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements.in
diff --git a/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_8.txt b/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83be303
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.8
+# by the following command:
+#
+#    bazel run //pybind11_abseil/requirements:requirements_3_8.update
+#
+absl-py==2.1.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:526a04eadab8b4ee719ce68f204172ead1027549089702d99b9059f129ff1308 \
+    --hash=sha256:7820790efbb316739cde8b4e19357243fc3608a152024288513dd968d7d959ff
+    # via -r pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements.in
+numpy==1.24.4 \
+    --hash=sha256:04640dab83f7c6c85abf9cd729c5b65f1ebd0ccf9de90b270cd61935eef0197f \
+    --hash=sha256:1452241c290f3e2a312c137a9999cdbf63f78864d63c79039bda65ee86943f61 \
+    --hash=sha256:222e40d0e2548690405b0b3c7b21d1169117391c2e82c378467ef9ab4c8f0da7 \
+    --hash=sha256:2541312fbf09977f3b3ad449c4e5f4bb55d0dbf79226d7724211acc905049400 \
+    --hash=sha256:31f13e25b4e304632a4619d0e0777662c2ffea99fcae2029556b17d8ff958aef \
+    --hash=sha256:4602244f345453db537be5314d3983dbf5834a9701b7723ec28923e2889e0bb2 \
+    --hash=sha256:4979217d7de511a8d57f4b4b5b2b965f707768440c17cb70fbf254c4b225238d \
+    --hash=sha256:4c21decb6ea94057331e111a5bed9a79d335658c27ce2adb580fb4d54f2ad9bc \
+    --hash=sha256:6620c0acd41dbcb368610bb2f4d83145674040025e5536954782467100aa8835 \
+    --hash=sha256:692f2e0f55794943c5bfff12b3f56f99af76f902fc47487bdfe97856de51a706 \
+    --hash=sha256:7215847ce88a85ce39baf9e89070cb860c98fdddacbaa6c0da3ffb31b3350bd5 \
+    --hash=sha256:79fc682a374c4a8ed08b331bef9c5f582585d1048fa6d80bc6c35bc384eee9b4 \
+    --hash=sha256:7ffe43c74893dbf38c2b0a1f5428760a1a9c98285553c89e12d70a96a7f3a4d6 \
+    --hash=sha256:80f5e3a4e498641401868df4208b74581206afbee7cf7b8329daae82676d9463 \
+    --hash=sha256:95f7ac6540e95bc440ad77f56e520da5bf877f87dca58bd095288dce8940532a \
+    --hash=sha256:9667575fb6d13c95f1b36aca12c5ee3356bf001b714fc354eb5465ce1609e62f \
+    --hash=sha256:a5425b114831d1e77e4b5d812b69d11d962e104095a5b9c3b641a218abcc050e \
+    --hash=sha256:b4bea75e47d9586d31e892a7401f76e909712a0fd510f58f5337bea9572c571e \
+    --hash=sha256:b7b1fc9864d7d39e28f41d089bfd6353cb5f27ecd9905348c24187a768c79694 \
+    --hash=sha256:befe2bf740fd8373cf56149a5c23a0f601e82869598d41f8e188a0e9869926f8 \
+    --hash=sha256:c0bfb52d2169d58c1cdb8cc1f16989101639b34c7d3ce60ed70b19c63eba0b64 \
+    --hash=sha256:d11efb4dbecbdf22508d55e48d9c8384db795e1b7b51ea735289ff96613ff74d \
+    --hash=sha256:dd80e219fd4c71fc3699fc1dadac5dcf4fd882bfc6f7ec53d30fa197b8ee22dc \
+    --hash=sha256:e2926dac25b313635e4d6cf4dc4e51c8c0ebfed60b801c799ffc4c32bf3d1254 \
+    --hash=sha256:e98f220aa76ca2a977fe435f5b04d7b3470c0a2e6312907b37ba6068f26787f2 \
+    --hash=sha256:ed094d4f0c177b1b8e7aa9cba7d6ceed51c0e569a5318ac0ca9a090680a6a1b1 \
+    --hash=sha256:f136bab9c2cfd8da131132c2cf6cc27331dd6fae65f95f69dcd4ae3c3639c810 \
+    --hash=sha256:f3a86ed21e4f87050382c7bc96571755193c4c1392490744ac73d660e8f564a9
+    # via -r pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements.in
diff --git a/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_9.txt b/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_9.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..226c82a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements_lock_3_9.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#
+# This file is autogenerated by pip-compile with Python 3.9
+# by the following command:
+#
+#    bazel run //pybind11_abseil/requirements:requirements_3_9.update
+#
+absl-py==2.1.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:526a04eadab8b4ee719ce68f204172ead1027549089702d99b9059f129ff1308 \
+    --hash=sha256:7820790efbb316739cde8b4e19357243fc3608a152024288513dd968d7d959ff
+    # via -r pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements.in
+numpy==1.26.4 \
+    --hash=sha256:03a8c78d01d9781b28a6989f6fa1bb2c4f2d51201cf99d3dd875df6fbd96b23b \
+    --hash=sha256:08beddf13648eb95f8d867350f6a018a4be2e5ad54c8d8caed89ebca558b2818 \
+    --hash=sha256:1af303d6b2210eb850fcf03064d364652b7120803a0b872f5211f5234b399f20 \
+    --hash=sha256:1dda2e7b4ec9dd512f84935c5f126c8bd8b9f2fc001e9f54af255e8c5f16b0e0 \
+    --hash=sha256:2a02aba9ed12e4ac4eb3ea9421c420301a0c6460d9830d74a9df87efa4912010 \
+    --hash=sha256:2e4ee3380d6de9c9ec04745830fd9e2eccb3e6cf790d39d7b98ffd19b0dd754a \
+    --hash=sha256:3373d5d70a5fe74a2c1bb6d2cfd9609ecf686d47a2d7b1d37a8f3b6bf6003aea \
+    --hash=sha256:47711010ad8555514b434df65f7d7b076bb8261df1ca9bb78f53d3b2db02e95c \
+    --hash=sha256:4c66707fabe114439db9068ee468c26bbdf909cac0fb58686a42a24de1760c71 \
+    --hash=sha256:50193e430acfc1346175fcbdaa28ffec49947a06918b7b92130744e81e640110 \
+    --hash=sha256:52b8b60467cd7dd1e9ed082188b4e6bb35aa5cdd01777621a1658910745b90be \
+    --hash=sha256:60dedbb91afcbfdc9bc0b1f3f402804070deed7392c23eb7a7f07fa857868e8a \
+    --hash=sha256:62b8e4b1e28009ef2846b4c7852046736bab361f7aeadeb6a5b89ebec3c7055a \
+    --hash=sha256:666dbfb6ec68962c033a450943ded891bed2d54e6755e35e5835d63f4f6931d5 \
+    --hash=sha256:675d61ffbfa78604709862923189bad94014bef562cc35cf61d3a07bba02a7ed \
+    --hash=sha256:679b0076f67ecc0138fd2ede3a8fd196dddc2ad3254069bcb9faf9a79b1cebcd \
+    --hash=sha256:7349ab0fa0c429c82442a27a9673fc802ffdb7c7775fad780226cb234965e53c \
+    --hash=sha256:7ab55401287bfec946ced39700c053796e7cc0e3acbef09993a9ad2adba6ca6e \
+    --hash=sha256:7e50d0a0cc3189f9cb0aeb3a6a6af18c16f59f004b866cd2be1c14b36134a4a0 \
+    --hash=sha256:95a7476c59002f2f6c590b9b7b998306fba6a5aa646b1e22ddfeaf8f78c3a29c \
+    --hash=sha256:96ff0b2ad353d8f990b63294c8986f1ec3cb19d749234014f4e7eb0112ceba5a \
+    --hash=sha256:9fad7dcb1aac3c7f0584a5a8133e3a43eeb2fe127f47e3632d43d677c66c102b \
+    --hash=sha256:9ff0f4f29c51e2803569d7a51c2304de5554655a60c5d776e35b4a41413830d0 \
+    --hash=sha256:a354325ee03388678242a4d7ebcd08b5c727033fcff3b2f536aea978e15ee9e6 \
+    --hash=sha256:a4abb4f9001ad2858e7ac189089c42178fcce737e4169dc61321660f1a96c7d2 \
+    --hash=sha256:ab47dbe5cc8210f55aa58e4805fe224dac469cde56b9f731a4c098b91917159a \
+    --hash=sha256:afedb719a9dcfc7eaf2287b839d8198e06dcd4cb5d276a3df279231138e83d30 \
+    --hash=sha256:b3ce300f3644fb06443ee2222c2201dd3a89ea6040541412b8fa189341847218 \
+    --hash=sha256:b97fe8060236edf3662adfc2c633f56a08ae30560c56310562cb4f95500022d5 \
+    --hash=sha256:bfe25acf8b437eb2a8b2d49d443800a5f18508cd811fea3181723922a8a82b07 \
+    --hash=sha256:cd25bcecc4974d09257ffcd1f098ee778f7834c3ad767fe5db785be9a4aa9cb2 \
+    --hash=sha256:d209d8969599b27ad20994c8e41936ee0964e6da07478d6c35016bc386b66ad4 \
+    --hash=sha256:d5241e0a80d808d70546c697135da2c613f30e28251ff8307eb72ba696945764 \
+    --hash=sha256:edd8b5fe47dab091176d21bb6de568acdd906d1887a4584a15a9a96a1dca06ef \
+    --hash=sha256:f870204a840a60da0b12273ef34f7051e98c3b5961b61b0c2c1be6dfd64fbcd3 \
+    --hash=sha256:ffa75af20b44f8dba823498024771d5ac50620e6915abac414251bd971b4529f
+    # via -r pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements.in
diff --git a/pybind11_abseil/tests/BUILD b/pybind11_abseil/tests/BUILD
index d516bfb..02d32d4 100644
--- a/pybind11_abseil/tests/BUILD
+++ b/pybind11_abseil/tests/BUILD
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # Tests and examples for pybind11_abseil.
 
 load("@pybind11_bazel//:build_defs.bzl", "pybind_extension")
+load("@pypi//:requirements.bzl", "requirement")
 
 licenses(["notice"])
 
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@ py_test(
     data = [":cpp_capsule_tools_testing.so"],
     python_version = "PY3",
     srcs_version = "PY3",
+    deps = [requirement("absl_py")],
 )
 
 cc_library(
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ cc_library(
         "@com_google_absl//absl/log:absl_check",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/status",
         "@com_google_absl//absl/status:statusor",
-        "@local_config_python//:python_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
+        "@rules_python//python/cc:current_py_cc_headers",  # buildcleaner: keep
     ],
 )
 
@@ -49,6 +51,7 @@ py_library(
     name = "status_testing_no_cpp_eh_test_lib",
     srcs = ["status_testing_no_cpp_eh_test_lib.py"],
     data = ["//pybind11_abseil:status.so"],
+    deps = [requirement("absl_py")],
 )
 
 pybind_extension(
@@ -71,6 +74,10 @@ py_test(
     data = [":absl_example.so"],
     python_version = "PY3",
     srcs_version = "PY3",
+    deps = [
+        requirement("absl_py"),
+        requirement("numpy"),
+    ],
 )
 
 py_test(
@@ -79,6 +86,7 @@ py_test(
     data = ["//pybind11_abseil:ok_status_singleton.so"],
     python_version = "PY3",
     srcs_version = "PY3",
+    deps = [requirement("absl_py")],
 )
 
 pybind_extension(
@@ -106,6 +114,7 @@ py_test(
     data = ["//pybind11_abseil:status.so"],
     python_version = "PY3",
     srcs_version = "PY3",
+    deps = [requirement("absl_py")],
 )
 
 pybind_extension(
@@ -127,4 +136,5 @@ py_test(
     ],
     python_version = "PY3",
     srcs_version = "PY3",
+    deps = [requirement("absl_py")],
 )
diff --git a/scripts/build_and_run_tests_bazel.sh b/scripts/build_and_run_tests_bazel.sh
index ef81c13..5e7b8c4 100755
--- a/scripts/build_and_run_tests_bazel.sh
+++ b/scripts/build_and_run_tests_bazel.sh
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
 # The following scripts:
-# - creates a virtualenv
-# - installs the pip package dependencies
+# - updates the frozen dependencies
 # - builds and runs tests
 
 set -e  # exit when any command fails
@@ -20,59 +19,6 @@ then
   exit 1
 fi
 
-VIRTUAL_ENV_BINARY=$(which virtualenv || true)
-if [[ -z $VIRTUAL_ENV_BINARY || ! -x $VIRTUAL_ENV_BINARY ]]
-then
-  echo -e -n '\e[1m\e[93m'
-  echo -n 'virtualenv command not found '
-  echo -n '(try `python3 -m pip install virtualenv`, possibly as root). '
-  echo -e 'Exiting...\e[0m'
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-is_in_virtual_env="false"
-# if we are in a virtual_env, we will not create a new one inside.
-if [[ "$VIRTUAL_ENV" != "" ]]
-then
-  echo -e "\e[1m\e[93mVirtualenv already detected. We do not create a new one.\e[0m"
-  is_in_virtual_env="true"
-fi
-
-echo -e "\e[33mRunning ${0} from $PWD\e[0m"
-PYBIN=$(which python3 || true)
-if [[ -z $PYBIN || ! -x $PYBIN ]]
-then
-  echo -e '\e[1m\e[93mpython3 not found! Skip build and test.\e[0m'
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-PYVERSION=$($PYBIN -c 'import sys; print(".".join(map(str, sys.version_info[:3])))')
-
-VENV_DIR="./venv"
-
-if [[ $is_in_virtual_env == "false" ]]; then
-  if ! [ -d "$VENV_DIR" ]; then
-    echo "Installing..."
-    echo -e "\e[33mInstalling a virtualenv to $VENV_DIR. The setup is long the first time, please wait.\e[0m"
-    virtualenv -p $PYBIN $VENV_DIR
-  else
-    echo -e "\e[33mReusing virtualenv from $VENV_DIR.\e[0m"
-  fi
-  source $VENV_DIR/bin/activate
-fi
-
-# We only exit the virtualenv if we created one.
-function cleanup {
-  if [[ $is_in_virtual_env == "true" ]]; then
-    echo "Exiting virtualenv"
-    deactivate
-  fi
-}
-trap cleanup EXIT
-
-echo -e "\e[33mInstalling the requirements (use --noinstall to skip).\e[0m"
-pip3 install --upgrade -r ./requirements.txt
-
 echo "Building and testing in $PWD using 'python' (version $PYVERSION)."
 
 export PYTHON_BIN_PATH=`which python3`
@@ -80,5 +26,8 @@ export PYTHON_LIB_PATH=`python3 -c "import sysconfig; print(sysconfig.get_path('
 echo "Using PYTHON_BIN_PATH: $PYTHON_BIN_PATH"
 echo "Using PYTHON_LIB_PATH: $PYTHON_LIB_PATH"
 
-BAZEL_CXXOPTS="-std=c++17" bazel test ... --test_output=errors "$@"
-BAZEL_CXXOPTS="-std=c++20" bazel test ... --test_output=errors "$@"
+BAZEL_CXXOPTS="-std=c++17" bazel test ... --test_output=errors "$@" --enable_bzlmod
+BAZEL_CXXOPTS="-std=c++20" bazel test ... --test_output=errors "$@" --enable_bzlmod
+
+BAZEL_CXXOPTS="-std=c++17" bazel test ... --test_output=errors "$@" --noenable_bzlmod
+BAZEL_CXXOPTS="-std=c++20" bazel test ... --test_output=errors "$@" --noenable_bzlmod
diff --git a/scripts/build_and_run_tests_cmake.sh b/scripts/build_and_run_tests_cmake.sh
index e9bc758..2f9de2f 100755
--- a/scripts/build_and_run_tests_cmake.sh
+++ b/scripts/build_and_run_tests_cmake.sh
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ function cleanup {
 trap cleanup EXIT
 
 echo -e "\e[33mInstalling the requirements (use --noinstall to skip).\e[0m"
-pip3 install --upgrade -r ./requirements.txt
+pip3 install --upgrade -r ./pybind11_abseil/requirements/requirements.in
 
 echo "Building and testing in $PWD using 'python' (version $PYVERSION)."